Disclaimer

1. Nature of Information

All articles, analytical reports, market commentary, data interpretations, and other content (collectively, "Content") provided by Power Trading Blog (the "Site") are purely for educational and informational purposes. The Content on this Site does not constitute, and should not be interpreted as:

• Investment advice or financial planning guidance
• Recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any electricity derivatives, futures contracts, or other financial instruments
• Predictions or guarantees regarding market movements, electricity price trends, or trading strategies
• Legal, tax, or accounting advice of any kind
• Assessment of eligibility or compliance for electricity market participation

2. Market Risk Warning

Electricity market trading (including but not limited to JEPX spot trading, electricity futures trading, capacity market bidding, and renewable energy certificate trading) involves the following significant risks:

• Price Volatility Risk: Electricity spot prices can fluctuate dramatically over short periods. In extreme cases (such as the January 2021 cold snap), day-ahead system prices exceeded ¥250/kWh — far above normal levels.
• Liquidity Risk: Japan's electricity futures market has relatively limited liquidity, and it may be difficult to close positions at reasonable prices under certain market conditions.
• Basis Risk: The basis between futures contracts and the spot market can vary significantly by area, season, and system conditions.
• Regulatory Risk: Japanese electricity market regulations (including the Electricity Business Act and the Renewable Energy Special Measures Act) may be amended at any time, affecting the obligations and costs of market participants.
• Counterparty Risk: Over-the-counter (OTC) transactions involve counterparty default risk, and even exchange-traded transactions carry settlement risk.
• Leverage Risk: The margin system for futures trading creates leverage, and losses may exceed the initial margin deposited.

3. Data Accuracy Disclaimer

All market data cited on this Site (including JEPX electricity prices, futures quotes, capacity market clearing prices, renewable energy subsidy rates, etc.) are sourced from publicly available information from official institutions such as JEPX, OCCTO, METI, and JPX. We make no warranties regarding:

• The real-time nature of cited data: this Site is not a real-time data service, and all data is subject to some delay.
• The precision of cited data: errors may occur in the process of reproducing data; please refer to official sources.
• The completeness of data: this Site may not cover all relevant market data or policy updates.
• The predictive value of historical data: past market performance does not indicate future results.

Before making any commercial or trading decisions, always consult official websites such as JEPX (www.jepx.jp), OCCTO (www.occto.or.jp), and METI (www.meti.go.jp) directly for the most current and accurate information.

4. Professional Advice Disclaimer

The content of this Site cannot substitute for professional financial, legal, or technical advice. We strongly recommend consulting a qualified professional before making the following decisions:

• Formulating and executing electricity market trading strategies
• Entering into and negotiating electricity procurement contracts
• Investment decisions for renewable energy generation facilities
• Capacity market bidding strategies
• Pricing strategies for electricity retail businesses
• Tax planning related to electricity markets

5. Past Performance Is Not Indicative of Future Results

Any historical market data, past electricity price trends, historical clearing prices, or past trading strategy performance cited on this Site does not represent future market performance. Electricity markets are influenced by numerous unpredictable factors, including weather conditions, fuel prices, nuclear restart progress, renewable energy capacity, changes in electricity demand, and policy and regulatory adjustments.

6. Third-Party Information Disclaimer

This Site may cite or link to reports, statistical data, or policy documents published by third-party institutions (such as JEPX, OCCTO, METI, JPX, and academic institutions). We assume no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of such third-party information, nor do we endorse or approve the positions or views of any third-party institution.

7. Limitation of Liability

To the maximum extent permitted by law, powertrading.club and its affiliates, employees, and partners shall not be liable for any losses arising from:

• Any investment or commercial decisions made in reliance on Site content
• Errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in Site data
• Interruption or unavailability of Site services
• Malware or viruses contracted through use of the Site

This disclaimer does not limit liability arising from intentional misconduct or gross negligence on the part of powertrading.club.

8. Scope of Application

This disclaimer applies to all content on the Site, including but not limited to:

• All articles and analytical reports
• Market data charts and visualizations
• Newsletter and communications content
• Site-related content shared on social media
• Any derivative or republished content from the Site

9. Contact Us

If you have any questions about this Disclaimer, please contact us at:

• Website: powertrading.club
• Email: [email protected]